Omar Abdullah, a seasoned politician from Jammu and Kashmir, scripted a remarkable comeback in 2024, turning a defeat in the Lok Sabha polls into a historic victory just four months later. On Wednesday, Abdullah, 54, was sworn in as the first Chief Minister of the newly-formed Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. This marks his second stint as the region’s leader, following his tenure as Chief Minister of the erstwhile state from 2009 to 2014.
The grandson of Sheikh Abdullah, the legendary figure who played a key role in shaping Jammu and Kashmir’s political landscape, and son of Farooq Abdullah, Omar Abdullah represents the third generation of the Abdullah dynasty to hold power in the region. His return to the top office solidifies the National Conference’s (NC) dominant position in Jammu and Kashmir politics, despite the changing political landscape and challenges in the post-Article 370 era.
A Resounding Victory in the Assembly Elections
The 2024 assembly elections marked a decisive win for Abdullah and his party. The NC secured 42 out of the 90 seats in the Jammu and Kashmir Assembly, emerging as the single largest party. In alliance with the Congress, which won six seats, the NC-Congress coalition comfortably crossed the majority mark in the 95-member assembly. The Lieutenant Governor is yet to nominate five additional members.
In a further boost to Abdullah’s coalition, five independent MLAs and the lone representative from the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) have pledged their support to the NC-Congress alliance. This wide-ranging support underscored Abdullah’s ability to navigate complex political waters and secure a stable government in a politically sensitive region.
The June Defeat and Subsequent Strategy Shift
Abdullah’s rise to victory in the assembly elections came just months after a humiliating defeat in the June Lok Sabha polls, where he lost the Baramulla seat to Abdul Rashid Sheikh, an independent candidate, by over 200,000 votes. Known popularly as Engineer Rashid, Sheikh’s victory was a significant blow to Abdullah, sparking doubts about his political future.
Despite this setback, Abdullah quickly adapted his strategy for the assembly polls. Initially, he announced he would not contest until the Union government restored Jammu and Kashmir’s statehood. However, sensing the political momentum building around his party, he reversed his decision and contested from two seats—Budgam and Ganderbal, his family’s traditional stronghold. Abdullah secured comfortable victories in both constituencies, signaling his enduring influence in the region.
Support for National Conference Amid Political Transition
The abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019, which stripped Jammu and Kashmir of its special status and split the state into two Union Territories, led to widespread political uncertainty. However, it also triggered a wave of renewed support for the National Conference, which many voters saw as a symbol of the region’s identity and political legacy. The NC’s robust performance in the assembly elections reflected this shift in voter sentiment, with Abdullah emerging as the most credible leader to guide Jammu and Kashmir through this new phase of governance.
A New Government Takes Shape
Following his swearing-in ceremony, Abdullah’s government began to take shape with the appointment of five ministers: Sakina Itoo, Javed Dar, Javed Rana, Surinder Choudhary, and Satish Sharma. While Itoo and Dar represent constituencies in the Kashmir Valley, Rana, Choudhary, and Sharma hail from the Jammu region, reflecting Abdullah’s efforts to build a government that bridges the divide between the two regions.
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Interestingly, the Congress, while an ally of the NC, has decided not to join the council of ministers for the time being, preferring instead to offer external support to the coalition. This decision could give Abdullah more flexibility in managing his administration and making critical decisions without facing potential internal discord.
A Storied Political Career
Omar Abdullah’s political career has been marked by several firsts. He entered politics in 1998 at the age of 28, winning a seat in the Lok Sabha and becoming the youngest member of the Lower House at the time. He served as Minister of State for External Affairs before resigning after the 2002 Gujarat riots. That same year, he faced a significant political setback, losing the Ganderbal seat—his family stronghold—to a relatively unknown candidate, Qazi Mohammad Afzal.
Despite this loss, Abdullah persisted, making a career-defining speech in Parliament in 2008 following the protests sparked by the transfer of forest land to the Shri Amarnath Shrine Board. His speech earned him widespread recognition and paved the way for his return to power. Later that year, the NC won a majority in the Jammu and Kashmir Assembly elections, and Abdullah became one of India’s youngest chief ministers at the age of 38.
Now, as Abdullah embarks on his second term, he faces the challenge of navigating Jammu and Kashmir’s new political reality as a Union Territory. His ability to lead the region through this period of transition will likely define not only his legacy but also the future trajectory of Jammu and Kashmir’s politics.
