The Oxford Dictionary’s “word of the year” for 2025 is “brain rot.” An intriguing choice for two reasons: it’s clearly two words, and it hasn’t evolved in meaning since its first recorded use in 1854, when it referred to a decline in intellectual effort. The term feels apt as we assess the state of technology in 2025, with the pervasive effects of AI, the influence of Elon Musk, and Donald Trump’s impact on Silicon Valley shaping a turbulent year.
The brain rot economy
Social media’s algorithm-driven content, often criticised as “AI slop,” has left users fatigued. Platforms like Facebook are losing engagement as users seek alternatives. Governments are stepping in, with Australia banning social media for under-16s and US schools increasingly restricting smartphones. These measures have sparked global debates on their effectiveness and implications for free speech.
The biggest potential upheaval in social media could come from the United States’ looming ban on TikTok. The Supreme Court will hear arguments in January, with the Trump-backed Justice Department citing national security concerns. Trump, who has pledged to delay the ban until he assumes office, has found support across political lines. The decision could redefine the boundaries of government interference in technology.
Silicon valley and Trump
Tech giants appear more inclined to collaborate with Trump’s administration in 2025, contrasting with their defiance in 2017. Companies seeking lucrative government contracts may assist in controversial initiatives, such as Trump’s proposed mass deportations. The ongoing wars in Ukraine and Gaza provide moral cover for Silicon Valley’s growing interest in military tech, signalling a shift in corporate ethics prioritising profits over principles.
Elon Musk, a central figure in tech policymaking, continues to wield influence through X (formerly Twitter). Musk’s close ties with Trump have drawn scrutiny, particularly as his company Tesla navigates legislative challenges. The billionaire’s robotaxi vision is under pressure to demonstrate tangible progress, though sceptics argue its feasibility remains dubious.
AI’s growing pains
The AI industry, dominated by Nvidia, faces mounting challenges. CEO Jensen Huang must contend with rivals like Amazon and Broadcom entering the AI chip market. Meanwhile, US-China tensions have placed Nvidia in a precarious position as Beijing considers retaliatory measures against American trade restrictions.
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Investment in AI has soared, driven by data centre construction and semiconductor demand. However, returns on these investments have lagged, prompting calls for industry consolidation. Many smaller AI startups are expected to fold, unable to compete in a landscape favouring mergers and acquisitions.
Pushback against AI is also intensifying in the media. News organisations accuse AI firms of exploiting their work, sparking calls for updated copyright laws. The concept of “fair use” is poised for a legal overhaul as courts address the complexities of generative AI.
Entertainment and culture wars
In the entertainment sector, Rockstar Games’ long-awaited Grand Theft Auto 6 is set to test cultural boundaries. Known for its irreverent depiction of crime, the franchise faces the challenge of balancing its signature style with evolving societal norms. While the game is expected to generate controversy, the adage “all publicity is good publicity” could work in its favour.
The road ahead
As 2025 unfolds, the interplay of AI, politics, and tech giants will shape a landscape fraught with challenges and opportunities. Legislators and industry leaders must grapple with the ethical and societal implications of rapid technological advancement. Whether these efforts lead to progress or further polarisation remains to be seen.
For now, the world watches as the tech industry navigates its most turbulent year yet, with the likes of Musk, Trump, and AI driving the narrative.
